What is an elder?
To the elders among you, I appeal as a fellow elder, a witness of Christ’s sufferings and one who will also share in the glory to be revealed: Be shepherds of God’s flock that is under your care, serving as overseers — not because you must, but because you are willing, as God wants you to be; not greedy for money, but eager to serve; not lording it over those entrusted to you, but being examples to the flock. – 1 Peter 5:1–3
In general terms, the elders are charged with directing the affairs of the church and the ministry of the word (1 Tim. 5:17). These two broad tasks are more particularly defined by five responsibilities.
Teach
Elders are to instruct the people of God (Acts 6:2; 20:28–31; Eph. 4:11–13; 1 Tim. 3:2; 5:17; Titus 1:9). They build up the church in right doctrine and sound teaching and make certain what is preached is in accord with the Scriptures (BCO 8).
Pray
Elders are to be devoted to the ministry of prayer (Acts 6:4). They are available to pray for the sick and anoint them with oil (James 5:14).
Shepherd
Elders are to shepherd the flock of God under their care (1 Peter 5:2). Shepherds care for the sheep, nurture their growth, and comfort them in distress. They watch diligently over the flock, that no corruption of doctrine or of morals enter in (BCO 8-3). As servant-leaders they take oversight of the spiritual interests of the church and reach those in need of special care.
Discipline
Elders are to exercise Christian discipline with respect to any who continue in sin without repentance (BCO 27–46; Matt. 18:15–20; 1 Cor. 5:1–13).
Sacraments
The Session oversees the administration of the sacraments and guards them from being profaned (BCO 56–58; 1 Cor. 11:17–32).
